请问英文中什么情况下才能用the,什么情况不能用~还有..

（一）、定冠词the的用法

1.特指某(些)人或某(些)物，这是定冠词的基本用法。

Beijing is the capital of China. 北京是中国的首都。

2.指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。

Open the window please. 请把窗户打开。(双方都知道指的是哪一扇窗户)

3.指上文已经提到的人或事物。

There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms.

窗户附近有一把椅子。椅子上坐着一位年轻妇女，怀里抱着一个婴儿。

4.指世界上独一无二的事物。

Which is the biggest, the sun, the earth or the moon? 太阳、地球和月亮哪一个最大？

5.用在序数词、形容词最高级前。

The first truck is carrying a few baskets. 第一辆卡车装运一些筐。

6.用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。

the Great wall长城，the Summer Palace颐和园，

the People’s Farm人民农场，the Science Museum科学馆

7.用在某些形容词前，表示某一类人。

the rich富人 the poor穷人 the sick病人 the old老人，

the young年轻人 the blind盲人 the dead死人

8.用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妇俩”。

The Turners are going home on a train. 特纳夫妇在回家的火车上。

9.用在方位词前。

on the left/right在左/右边

in the east/west/north/south在东/西/北/南方

at the back/front of在……的后/前面

10.用在乐器名称前。

Do you like playing the piano or the violin? 你喜欢弹钢琴还是喜欢拉小提琴？

11.用在表示海洋、河流、山脉、群岛及国家和党派名词前。

the East China Sea 东海the Huai River 淮河

the Jinggang Mountains 井冈山the United States of American 美国

12.用在某些固定词组中。

all the same 仍然all the time 一直

all the year round 一年到头at the age of 在……岁时

at the beginning of 起初; 开始at the end of 在……的尽头/末尾

at the entrance of 在……门口at the foot of 在……脚下

at the head of 在……的前面at the moment 此刻

at the same time 同时by the side of 在……附近

by the time 到时候by the way 顺便说

catch the post 赶上邮班do the shopping/washing 买东西/洗衣服

give...the message 捎口信给……go to the classroom 去教室

in the end 最后；终于in the hat 戴帽子的

in the middle of the day 中午in the morning/afternoon / evening 在上午/下午/晚上

in the open air 在户外；在野外jump the queue 不按次序排队

lead the way to 引路；指路look the same 看起来很像

on the earth 在地球上tell the truth 说实话

the day after tomorrow 后天the day before yesterday 前天

the high jump 跳高the long jump 跳远

the next day 第二天the next year下一年

the people 人民the starting line起跑线

不用冠词的情况

1.在专有名词和不可数名词前。

I’m going to England next week for a holiday.下周我将要去英国度假。

2.可数名词前已有作定语的物主代词my, your, his, her等；指示代词this/ these, that/those; 不定代词some, any等及所有格限制时。

The letter is in her pocket. 信在她的衣袋里。

3.复数名词表示一类人或事物时。

My father and mother are teachers. 我的父亲和母亲是教师。

4.在星期、月份、季节、节日前。

The best time to come to China is in spring or autumn. 到中国来的最好时间是春季或秋季。

Today is Thursday, September 10th, Teacher’s Day. 今天是九月十日，星期四，教师节。

[注意] 如果月份、季节等被一个限定性定语修饰，则要加定冠词。

He joined the Army in the spring of 1982.他在1982年春季参军。

5.在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前。

Happy Teachers’ Day, Miss Zhao!

Here it is, Mom!

6.在学科名称、三餐饭和球类运动名称前。

I think Chinese is more popular than any other subject. 我认为汉语比其它学科更普及。

Can you play basketball? 你会打篮球吗？We are going to play football. 我们去踢足球。

[注意]I can see a football.(指足球，并非“球类运动”)

Where’s the football.

7.某些固定词组中不用冠词。

①与by连用的交通工具名称前

by bus, by car, by bike, by train, by air/plane, by sea/ship

②名词词组

day and night, brother and sister, hour after hour, here and there

③介词词组

at home在家in surprise惊奇地

at noon在中午on foot步行

at night在晚上on duty值日

at work在工作on time准时

for example例如on business经商

in school在上学on holiday在度假

in class在上课on show展览

in hospital在住院on top of在……顶部

in bed在床上

④ go短语

go home回家go to bed上床睡觉

go to school去上学go to work去上班

go shopping/swimming/boating/fishing去买东西/游泳/划船/钓鱼

（二）介词to的常见用法

1.动词+to

a)动词+ to

adjust to适应,

attend to处理；照料,

agree to赞同,

amount to加起来达…，

belong to属于,

come to达到,

drink to为…干杯，

get to到达,

happen to发生在某人身上,

hold to紧握,

lead to通向,

listen to听,

occur to想起,

object to反对,

point to指向,

respond to回答,

refer to参考；指的是…；涉及,

reply to回答,

see to负责,

stick to坚持,

turn to求助,

write to给某人写信。

b)动词(+sth.)+to+sb.

announce to通知某人, describe to向某人描述, explain to向某人解释, express to对某人表达, mention to提及, nod to向某人点头, report to报告, say to告知, shout to对某人大叫, suggest to对某人提建议,speak to与某人交谈, talk to跟某人谈话, whisper to和某人低声耳语。

c)动词+sth./sb.+ to +sth./sb.

add to增加, compare to比作, carry to运送至, devote to致力于,introduce to介绍给, invite to邀请参加, join to连接到, leave to委托给,reduce to下降至, sentence to判处, take to带到。

2. be +形容词/过去分词+ to

be alive to觉察；晓得,

be attentive to注意；留心,

be awake to知晓,

be blind to缺乏眼光,

be close to紧挨着,

be common to对某人来说很普通,

be contrary to违反；反对,

be devoted to致力,

be deaf to不愿意听,

be equal to有…的力量,

be exposed to暴露；遭受,

be fair to对…公平,

be familiar to对某人来说熟悉,

be grateful to对某人心存感激,

be good to对…有好处,

be harmful to对…有危害,

be important to对…重要,

be kind to友好对待,

be known to周知于,

be married to嫁给,

be moved to转移到,

be near to靠近,

be necessary to对…有必要,

be opposite to在对面,

be opposed to反对,

be pleasant to合某人之意,

be proper to专属,

be polite to礼貌待人,

be rude to粗暴对待,

be relative to与…有关,

be strange to不习惯,

be similar to类似,

be suitable to适合,

be true to忠实,

be thankful to感激,

be useful to对…有用,

be used to习惯。

3.to+名词构成的词组

to a degree在某种程度上, to date到现在为止,to one’s feet跳起来，to one’s mind照…看来, to one’s surprise使…吃惊,to one’s taste符合胃口, to oneself独自享用, to order定做,to the letter不折不扣地, to the point中肯地

（三）、at的常见用法 at构成的词组比较多，要细心区分。

1.动词+ at

arrive at抵达,call at访问某地, catch at(it)当场抓住, come at攻击, fire at向…开火,glance at瞟一眼, glare at怒目而视, grieve at忧伤，knock at敲,laugh at嘲笑, look at看一眼, pull at拉扯, rejoice at对…高兴，smile at向某人微笑, shoot at朝…射击, stare at怒目而视,thrust at刺向, tear at撕, tremble at颤抖，wonder at吃惊，work at工作。

2. be +形容词/过去分词+ at

be angry at恼怒于, be alarmed at对…保持警觉,be astonished at对…吃惊, be bad at不擅长, be clever at对某事很灵巧,be delighted at高兴，be disgusted at厌恶, be disappointed at对…失望，be good at擅长, be impatient at对…不够耐心, be mad at狂热于,be pleased at对…感到高兴, be present at出席, be satisfied at满意,be surprised at吃惊, be shocked at对…非常震惊，be terrified at受到…的恐吓,be quick at对…很机敏。

3.at+名词构成的词组

at a distance在一定距离，at a loss不知所措， at a time一次，at all一点也不，at any cost不惜一切代价，at best最好也只是，at first起初，at hand手头，at heart在内心里，at home在家；无拘束，at last最后，at least至少，at most最多，at once马上，at present目前。

（四）、介词on的常见用法

on的用法比较重要，本文介绍它的一些常见用法：

1.动词+on

a)动词+ on要认真区分下面一些词组

act on对…有作用, bring on促使；导致, call on拜访某人,count on依赖, carry on执行,depend on取决, feed on以…为生,figure on料想；推断, go on继续,have on穿着, insist on坚持,keep on继续, lean on依赖, live on以…为生, pull on迅速穿上,put on穿上, switch on接通（电源）, take to喜欢；养成；轻易学会，turn on接通（电源）, work on操作, wait on侍候。

b)动词+sb.(sth.)+ on +sb.(sth.)

base on以…为基础, congratulate on恭贺, fix on固定, have mercy on怜悯,have pity on怜惜, keep watch on监视, spend on把时间、精力花在某方面。

2.be+形容词+on的词组

be dependent on依赖, be hard on对某人苛刻,be impressed on对…印象深刻, be keen on渴望, be strict on对…严格。

3.on+名词构成的词组

on board乘（车,飞机）,on call听候召唤, on duty值班, on earth到底, on fire着火, on foot步行，on guard在岗，on hire雇用，on holiday度假

（五）、介词in的常见用法

1.动词+in

a)动词+ in

believe in信任, break in碎成，bring in引起；产生；带来, call in下令收回, fill in填充,get in收获, hand in上缴, involve in涉及, lie in在于, result in导致, share in***享,succeed in成功, take in卷起；订阅, turn in归还当局。

b)动词+sb./time/money+ in

help sb. in帮助某人做某事, spare time/money in匀出时间或钱做某事,spend time/money in花时间或钱做某事,waste time/money in浪费时间或钱做某事。

2. be +形容词+ in

be active in活跃于,be absorbed in专心致志, be busy in忙碌, be born in出生于,be concerned in牵涉, be clothed in穿着, be disappointed in对…失望,be diligent in勤于, be experienced in在…有经验, be employed in任职于,be engaged in忙碌, be expert in某方面的专家, be excellent in在…优秀,be interested in对…有兴趣, be lacking in缺乏, be rich in富有,be slow in迟缓, be successful in在某方面成功, be skilled in精于,be strict in严于, be weak in弱于。

3. in +名词

in advance提前,in all总***，in balance总而言之，in bed卧床，in body亲自，in brief简明扼要，in case万一, in charge主管，in danger有危险, in debt负债, in despair失望,in force大量地；有效，in full全部地, in flower开花,in general一般说来,in itself本身, in love恋爱, in order井然有序, in person亲自,in public公开地, in progress有进展, in practice从实践上看, in rags穿着破衣,in research探索, in return作为报答,in ruins一片废墟,in short总之,in theory从理论上看, in trouble有麻烦, in tears眼泪汪汪,in time及时, in turn按顺序, in vain白白地，in view看得见。

（六）、介词from的常见用法

from的用法可不能小瞧，你不一定知道下面这些词组意义。

1.动词+from

a)动词+ from

come from来自,date from追溯, depart from违背, die from死于, escape from逃出,fall from自…跌落, hang from垂挂, hear from收到来信,learn from向某人学习, return from自某地返回，rise from自…冒出, result from起因于, suffer from忍受。

b)动词+ sth./sb. +from + sth./ sb. /a place

borrow from向…借, choose from选自, excuse from免除, keep from阻止做,prevent from不准做, protect from不受…之害, receive from收到,remove from移动；除去, save from保全；拯救, separate from分离开来,stop from阻止。

2. be +形容词+ from

be absent from缺席,be different from与众不同, be far from更不用说, be hidden from躲避,be made from用…制成, be tired from因…而疲倦。

3.from…to…

from bad to worse每况愈下，from beginning to end自始至终，from cover to cover从头到尾，from China to Peru到处，from day to day一天一天地，from door to door挨家挨户，from end to end从头至尾，from first to last自始至终，from hand to mouth勉强糊家，from head to foot从头到脚，from mouth to mouth广泛流传，from sun to sun从日出到日落，from start to finish从头开始，from top to toe从头到脚，from time to time不时地，from top to bottom彻底地。

（七）、介词for的常见用法

1.动词+for

a）动词+for

account for解释；说明, answer for对…负责,apply for申请；请求,apologize for为…而道歉, beg for请求, call for要求,care for在意, enter for报名参加, fight for为…而战, hope for希望,inquire for查询；求见, leave for离开某地到另一地, look for寻找, long for盼望,mistake for误认为, plan for计划做某事, prepare for为…作准备,provide for为…提供, reach for伸手去拿, run for竞选, stand for象征,search for搜寻, send for派人去请, speak for陈述意见、愿望, take for当作, wish for希望, wait for等待。

b)动词+sb.+ for +sth.

ask for要求得到,blame for因…责备, excuse for宽恕, forgive for谅解, pardon for原谅,pay for花钱买, praise for称赞, punish for对…进行惩罚,push for催逼，reward for酬谢, thank for对…表示谢意。

2. be +形容词+for

be anxious for急于做, be eager for渴望, be bad for有害于,be convenient for便于, be good for利于, be famous for以…出名,be fit for适合于, be grateful for对…心存感激, be impatient for对…不耐烦,be late for迟到, be necessary for有必要, be ready for作好准备,be sorry for为…而后悔, be responsible for对…负责,be suitable for适合于, be unfit for不适合, be useful for对…有作用。

3.for+名词构成的词组

for all尽管，for a song非常便宜地，for certain确切地，for company陪着，for ever永远，for example例如，for fear以免，for fair肯定地，for free免费，for fun为了好玩，for good永远，for instance比方，for luck祝福，for life终身，for long长久，for nothing白白地，for once有生第一次，for oneself替自己，for pleasure为了消遣，for reason因为…理由，for sale供出售，for shame真不害臊，for short简称，for sport好玩，for sure确切地。

4.动词+副词/名词+for构成的短语

be in for将遇到，make up for弥补，go in for从事，look out for提防，take sth. for granted把…当作理所当然,have an ear for音感好,have a gift for有某方面的天赋。

（八）with的用法

with prep.

有, 以, 用, 同...,由于, 和...一致, 赞成, 关于, 就

talk with a friend

与朋友谈话

learn farming with an old peasant

跟老农学习种田

fight [quarrel, argue] with sb.

跟某人打架[争吵, 辩论]

[说明表示动作的词, 表示伴随]随着, 和...同时

change with the temperature

随着温度而变化

increase with years

逐年增加

be up with the dawn

黎明即起

W-these words he left the room.

他说完这些话便离开了房间。

[表示使用的工具, 手段]用

defend the motherland with one's life

用生命保卫祖国

dig with a pick

用镐挖掘

cut meat with a knife

用刀割肉

[说明名词, 表示事物的附属部分或所具有的性质]具有; 带有; 加上; 包括...在内

tea with sugar

加糖的茶水

a country with a long history

历史悠久的国家

[表示一致]在...一边, 与...一致; 拥护, 有利于

vote with sb.

投票赞成某人

sympathize with sb.

同情某人

be with sb.

赞成某人, 在某人一边

[表示随身携带]在...身边

Have you some money with you ?

你(身上)带钱了吗?

Take an umbrella with you.

随身带把伞去。

[表示行为方式]以..., 带着

Handle with care!

小心轻放!

with accuracy

精确地

with smile

面带微笑地

serve the people with one's whole heart

全心全意地为人民服务

[后面加复合宾语, 表示伴随关系]

walk with a stick in one's hand

手拿拐棍走路

sleep with the window open

开着窗睡觉

[表示原因, 条件, 结果, 让步等关系]由于, 因为; 当(有)...情况下; 如果有; 虽然, 尽管

jump with joy

高兴得跳起来

shake with cold

冷得发抖

She was dying with hunger.

她饿得要死了。

W-all his money, he is unhappy.

尽管他有那么多钱, 他也并不愉快。

对于, 关于, 就...来说

They are friendly with us.

他们对我们很友好。

We are pleased with the house.

我们对这所房屋很满意。

It is day with us while it is night with them.

对于我们此时是白天, 而对于他们则是夜晚。

[与副词连用, 构成祈使句]

On with your shoes!

穿上鞋!

Off with your clothes!

把衣服脱下来!

Down with terrorism!

打倒恐怖主义!

（九）、of的用法

1:表示剥夺,除去

一:deprive sb. of his right

denude sb. of his possession (hope)

divest the baby of his clothes

rid him of this fear rob sb. of his wallet

defraud sb. of gold ring

cure sb. of cancer heal sb. of cancer

purify the nation clean the jar of crust

clarify the river of flowing rubbish

--get rid of, rid of, dispose of

2:of接直接宾语

-告诉-tell sb. of sth. inform sb. of sth warn sb. of fire

remind sb. of his duties acquaint sb. of sth. notify of..

-其他,劝服-persuade sb. of honesty assure sb. of the best seats convince sb. of sth.

-法律词汇-accuse sb. of burglary ; convict sb. of murder; suspect sb. of a theft

-reassure his wife of his safe arrival

3:of接间接宾语

request sth. of sb. expect sth. of sb. require sth. of sb.

ask a question of sb. be fearful of mistakes be jealous of wealthy persons be reminiscent of his past be patient of the enormous noise be guilty of robbery be innocent of robbery

4:of表示人物的特性,籍贯,特性或出生等

He is of Irish descend (ascent)

People of obscure origin (humble /noble)

Man of keen perception a man of moral integrity

5:固定词组

-say of, tale of, hear of, think of, learn of, savor of

The room smells of stale cabbage.

-brag of his achievements. Boast of his children

beware of pickpockets approve of the program

doubt of success complain of poor management

-be sure of be suspicious of be aware of

be confident of be proud of be ashamed of

be afraid of be capable of be lack of

be critical of be shortly of be conscious of

be ignorant of be wary of be cautious og

be appreciative of your advice

-regardless of , irrespective of ,不管….无视

in favor of

decide on three most popular leisure

activities irrespective of age